On Election Night Raman Was in Third Place

When the first results came in on Election Night, the race looked like a contest between Karen Bass and Spencer Pratt, with Nithya Raman running a distant third. Bass held 34.8%, Pratt was at 30.4%, and Raman trailed at 22.3%, sitting more than 8 points behind Pratt in the race for second place.

That picture shifted dramatically as counting continued into the post-election period, when mail ballots postmarked by Election Day and provisional ballots were added. Raman climbed to 38.4% in those later batches, Bass pulled back to 33.6%, and Pratt fell to 18.6%. By the end of counting, Raman had overtaken Pratt by nearly 20 points, a swing of nearly 28 points from where things stood on Election Night.

Raman Flipped the Race After Election Night: Vote Shares Across Count Phases
Share of votes in each batch phase. Election Night batches (496,608 votes) favored Pratt; post-election batches (352,895 votes) swung dramatically toward Raman.
Karen Bass Nithya Raman Spencer Pratt Other candidates
Election Night: Bass 34.8%, Raman 22.3%, Pratt 30.4%, Other 12.5%. Post-Election: Bass 33.6%, Raman 38.4%, Pratt 18.6%, Other 9.4%.
How Each Electoral Persona Voted: Estimated Vote Split by Candidate
Modeled vote share within each persona across the full electorate. Bass dominates Democratic-leaning personas; Raman’s strength is concentrated in the Progressive Left; the two candidates share the Pragmatic Liberal space.
Karen Bass Nithya Raman Spencer Pratt Other candidates
Shows Bass dominance in Reliable Democratic Base and Diverse Working-Class Democrats, Raman strength in Progressive Left, Pratt strength in MAGA Right and Everyday Republicans.

Two Forces Drove Raman’s Comeback, Not Just One

The instinctive explanation for Raman’s late surge is that progressive voters tend to return their mail ballots later, so of course a progressive candidate did better as the count continued. That is part of the story. But the personas also show that Raman improved her standing within voter groups that do not belong to her natural base, which raises a question about whether some late returners were voting with the general election in mind.

We can separate the two forces at work. The first is who returned ballots: more Progressive Left voters returning later shifted the electorate in Raman’s favor. The second is how those voters split: Raman appears to have won a larger share within several personas than her earlier numbers would have suggested.

About 57% of Raman’s swing came from the first factor, as the late electorate simply included more voters who favored her. The remaining 43% came from winning a larger share within those groups, which points to something beyond favorable timing. One plausible reading is strategic intent: in LA’s top-two primary, only the two highest vote-getters advance to November. Voters aware of the tight race between Raman and Pratt for second place may have cast late ballots specifically to ensure a Democrat-versus-Democrat general election.

Decomposing Raman’s Late Surge: How Much Does Each Factor Explain?
Each bar shows how much of Raman’s nearly 28-point swing over Pratt can be attributed to who returned ballots versus how they voted. Demographics alone explain only a small slice of the movement.
Composition only (persona mix shifts) Demographics (25 voter-file controls) Observed total swing
Composition only: +15.8pp. Demographic adjustment: +4.5pp. Observed total: +27.9pp.

The Late Electorate Shifted, and So Did Support Within It

The Progressive Left had the most dramatic shift of any persona across the count. Before May 29, Progressive Left voters made up just 12.6% of ballots returned. By the post-election window that share had grown to 26.6%, a 14-point jump. Since Progressive Left voters gave Raman roughly 60% of their vote compared to 33% for Bass and effectively zero for Pratt, that shift accounts for a meaningful portion of her surge.

But the late electorate was not exclusively progressive. Reliable Democratic Base and Diverse Working-Class Democrats, both large Bass-leaning groups, together made up roughly 29% of post-election ballots. Across those groups, and across Pragmatic Liberals, Raman picked up modest but consistent support in the later windows even though they leaned heavily toward Bass. Bass still dominated those personas, and that breadth is what carried her to first place. But in a race where Raman needed only to pass Pratt for second, small gains across large groups were enough to matter.

The Electorate That Returned Ballots Late Was More Progressive, But Not Exclusively So
Electoral Persona share of returned ballots by count phase. Progressive Left grew from 12.6% to 26.6%, but Bass-aligned Democratic personas remained a large share of the late count.
Progressive Left Reliable Democratic Base Pragmatic Liberals Diverse Working-Class Dems All other personas
Shows growing Progressive Left share and shifting Democratic personas across Before 5/29, 5/29-6/1, Election Day, and Post-Election windows.

What This Means for Campaigns Using EMC Electoral Personas

The LA Mayor’s race shows why understanding voter attitudes produces more actionable insight than demographics alone. Looking only at the party registration, race, and age of late-returning voters, you would conclude the electorate shifted only modestly toward Raman. But when you account for the actual composition of who returned ballots and when, demographics explain only about 4.5 points of a nearly 28-point swing. The rest only becomes visible when you look at attitudes.

Key takeaway for campaigns

Raman did not win second place by converting another candidate’s base. She won it by improving incrementally across multiple persona groups while benefiting from a late electorate that skewed more progressive. The data also raises the possibility that some late returners were thinking strategically, preferring a Democrat-versus-Democrat general election over a Democrat-versus-Republican one.